TEMPERATE GRASSLAND

 

TEMPERATE GRASSLAND

Definition

•       Area in which the vegetation is dominated by a continuous cover of grasses.

•       land on which. the vegetation is dominated by grasses.

•       There is grasses no trees.

•       land covered with herbaceous plants with less than 10 percent tree and shrub cover- IUCN

•       Mostly found in Temperate region of the world.

 

PRARIES

*        Prairies- North America

*        Steppes- Central Asia and Russia

*        Pampas- South America (Argentina, Uruguay)

*        Veld- South Africa ( bush veld, high veld)

*        Downland/Rangeland- Australia

*        Centenbury grassland/ Tussocks- Newzealand

*        Pustaz- Hungary

*        Manchurian Grassland- China

STEPPES

•       Found in former USSR

•       Fescues and feather grasses; 400-500 mm precipitation.

PAMPAS

•       Found in Argentina Uruguay, It covers 15 percent area of Argentina.

•       Precipitation decreases from east to west, 900mm to 450mm.

•       Briza, Bromus,Panicum, Paspalum, Lolium etc.

•       Two types according to precipitation- Humid Pampas and Sub-humid Pampas.

•       Humid Pampas- Eastern part of Argentian, tall,

•       Sub-Humid- Western part of Argentina, short

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VELD

•       Found in South Africa, developed in plateau land.

•       According to altitude, three types: Themada Veld, Sour Veld, Alpine Veld.

•       1. Themada Veld- 1500-2000m altitude, Precipitation 650-750mm, red grass.

•       2. Sour Veld- 1500-2000m altitude, Precipitation 650-750mm, less important grasses such as Aristida, Eragrostis, Hyparrhenia.

•       3. Alpine Veld- 2000-2500m altitude, red grass mixed with Festuca and Brumus in black soil.

DOWNS

•       Found in South-eastern Australia and Tasmania.

•       Precipitation decreases from south to north from 1524mm to 635mm, accordingly three different grassland: Temperate tall grassland, Temperate short grassland and Xerophytic grassland.

•       1. Temperate tall grassland- In Tasmania, Victoria and New south wales. Poa tussock and Themada Australia (Kangaroo grass)

•       2. Temperate short grassland- norht of tall grass, Danthonia and Stipa gegera.

•       3. Xerophytic grassland- In New south wales and Queensland. Aristida and Mulga.

CANTERBURY GRASSLAND

1. Short tussock grasses- Festuca and Poa, 50cm tall,
2. Tall tussock grasses- found in higher grounds, chinomechloa species.

PUSTAZ

•       Found in Hungary and Austria

•       It is exclave of Steppes

•       It covers around 50,000 Sq Kms.

MANCHURIAN GRASSLAND

•       Found in China and Mongolia

•       Feather grass, Sheep grass, lyme grass

 

References:

•       Savindra, S. (1998). Physical geography. Prayag Pustak Bhavan, Allahabad.

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•       Leong, G. C., & Cheng, G. (1984). Certificate physical and human geography. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.

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